Why Dont Rpgmaker Games Work On

🕐🕐🕐 Duration: Up to one day (Wine-based RPGXP, RPGVX and RPGVX Ace)

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RPG Maker is one of the few games that allows the player to be the creator of their own RPG game. It had plenty of characters to choose from, a variety of maps, templates, and designs for the game. RPG MAKER VX ACE RUNTIME PACKAGE VER. 1.00 END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT WHAT IS RPG MAKER VX ACE RUNTIME PACKAGE? RPG MAKER VX Ace Runtime Package (RTP) is a collection of materials. It contains graphic, music (.ogg) and dll files which you can use when creating your own games with RPG MAKER VX Ace. Again, if those don't work, running to the hills sounds like a good idea. It's kind of laggy/Fullscreen and Window Mode The game's ACTUAL resolution. This is so common I don't even. The resolution most people use is actually x2 of the original, which might make the game lose its smoothness. Most people also don't realize they're playing it. One day, I encountered a good doujin game at certain site. It has an exceptionally good user review, beautiful artwork along with captivating game play on top of that, this game is distributed for free. But, too bad this game is in Japanese, while I just like the rest of 7 billion earth population don’t speak Japanese. Our most powerful engine to date! RPG Maker MZ has all the tools and assets you need to create your game. Enhancements to the map editor, character generator, database, animations, and plug-ins allow for more customization than ever before!.Try RPG Maker MZ free for 20 days, no credit card required.

🌟🌟🌟 Interest: Interesting

[Updated May 20, 2021: Added nw.js engine for RPGMaker MV and MZ]
[Updated July 11, 2021: Okay I finally added EasyRPG to be complete]

Tinkerers fans of indie games probably already know the marvels that EasyRPG bring us: namely RPG Maker 2000 and 2003.

The real outbreak of RPG Maker games happened between 2005 and 2015 when indie developers started seriously with XP, VX and VX Ace.

Recently nw.js also has provided a very decent solution for MV and MZ engines where the game database is still growing today.

This makes those 5 really interesting to get to run on your favorite berry fruit.

Is it possible?

RPG Maker VX Ace can be simple if you know what you are doing. Basically the main pitfall here is to choose your Wine version carefully and use a pristine wineprefix.

I used wine-5.0.2-stable for debian x86 and Box86. If you need to install Wine, go there. Then, you have to download the VX Ace RTP here. Once downloaded:

sudo apt-get install unzip unzip RPGVXAce_RTP.zip cd RPGVXAce_RTP/RTP100 WINEPREFIX=/home/pi/path/to/rpgmaker/wineprefix/ /home/pi/path/to/wine/x86/502/bin/wine setup.exe

This should install RPG Maker VX Ace RTP on your dedicated wineprefix. You can run any RPG Maker VX Ace game afterwards by typing:

cd /home/pi/vxace/game/path/ WINEPREFIX=/home/pi/path/to/rpgmaker/wineprefix/ /home/pi/path/to/wine/x86/502/bin/wine Game.exe

RPGMaker XP is tricky to make run. Here is a little troubleshooting:

Game location: always store your game somewhere on your C drive in your wineprefix.
Fonts: see hereafter how to install the fonts. Install any provided custom font.
RTP: RTP has to be inside the game directory. Wine does not really handle well system-wide installed RTP

Your game directory should look like this

First try to run the game without changing anything.
Edit Game.ini and replace RGSS102E.dll with RGSS104E.dll to improve compatibility.
You might try to unpacking Game.rgss* (the main game resource) in the game directory.
Avoid 'Script is hanging' by starting the game alone and first after boot (no other opened window), set your governor, overclock your Pi and use GL4ES (see below).
If after unpacking Game.rgss* and improving the performance all the possible ways you still get 'Script is hanging' then, the game is unfortunately unplayable.
Game can be unstable.

RPGMaker VX

is almost like RPGMaker XP in worse: slower and fewer games run.

VX game coverage is the lowest.
RGSS202E.dll is not compatible, need to switch to RGSS202J.dll in Game.ini
Chance to get the game through 'Script is hanging' is slimmer than with XP
Fortunately VX game base is the smallest.
Game can be unstable.

[UPDATE May 20, 2021]

RPGMaker MV and MZ games can be run thanks to nw.js. The performance is decent. It's quite tricky to run and everything is documented there. The only change you will have to do is to provide an inline setting --use-gl=gles instead of --use-gl=egl.

If you want to save yourself the trouble of getting the right release from LeonardLaszlo's git and tweak it to make it work, I made a bundle here to download.

If you are using my bundle, the process is quite simple: untar it, and brute copy all the contents of the untarred directory right into the target Game.exe directory. Game starts afterwards with ./start.sh

If you are using LeonardLaszlo last build, the process is slightly different. You will have to untar the release file and then untar the chromium version. Brute copy afterwards the untarred chromium version right into Game.exe directory and start the game with:

./nw --use-gl=gles --ignore-gpu-blacklist --disable-accelerated-2d-canvas --num-raster-threads=2

Don't simply type './nw' because the graphics will be rubbish and the game will be unplayable.

Troubleshooting

When running a MV/MZ game through nw.js you might have bugs and crashes here and there because Linux doesn't find some resource (png image for example) within the image directory. It's because Linux is case sensitive and Windows isn't. Be careful about the capital and small letters in the name of the resources and rename the files accordingly to debug your game. Unless the coder was really dirty, it shouldn't happen too often.

Tip: how to rename all files to lowercase. Use zip/unzip method.

To be complete, I decided to finally add a RPGM2000 and RPGM2003 section. Those can run through EasyRPG. EasyRPG is not really a challenge to install and the pointers are available on its git but you will have to build liblcf and link it correctly. Here are the pointers to get EasyRPG running:

Liblcf

cd ~
git clone https://github.com/EasyRPG/liblcf
cd liblcf
autoreconf -i
cmake .
cmake --build .
sudo cmake --build . --target install
sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/liblcf.so.0 /usr/lib/arm-gnueabihf/liblcf.so.0

EasyRPG player

cd ~
git clone https://github.com/EasyRPG/player
cd player
autoreconf -i
cmake .
cmake --build .
sudo cmake --build . --target install

This is it, you should be able to run by:

easyrpg-player

Fonts

You might encounter a font issue at some point: game does not start or no text displays. In that case, just type:

sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer

Performance

Performance is quite low. It stays playable for all the engines but the FPS stay quite low. Don't expect to run games faster than 5 FPS. Playing huge games (500mb or more) can be laborious.

For RPGMaker XP and RPGMaker VX, you will have to push your Pi a little to avoid 'Script is hanging':

(If needed) Install cpufrequtils

sudo apt-get install cpufrequtils

Set governor to userspace and a good frequency (1400Mhz or 1200Mhz if you experience voltage drops)

Unfortunately will not start in RetroPie. Window will be tiny and not resizeable.
Don't mash buttons (unstable).
'Script is hanging' happens less often when started from minimalist xserver and startx. See here for more info on this opportunity.
If you still have performance issues ('Script is hanging'), consider overclocking Pi, GPU and SD Card.
Running your games from a(n A2) SD Card will also improve performance.
Using 'nice -1' can help your Raspberry Pi manage better your game. Actually 'nice -1' will work better than 'nice -15' or lower.

Should make your game start. XP and VX will still stay very unstable but it is better than nothing... I guess...

Alternative: Tapir

For non WIN32API games,TAPIR gives a good response to the slowness issues and performs outstanding compared to classic RTP through Wine and Box86. This solution is pretty straightforward to install, assuming you are starting from a pristine OS. If you messed up SDL2 and libboost packages, it will be very difficult to get it to compile without blanking your OS back to stock PINN install. Check Tapir with Crysalis game to notice the performance difference with RTP.

While Tapir might be a dead project, it is the only engine rewrite that currently works on Raspberry Pi.

Doesn't work: mkxp

Unfortunately, mkxp and all their forks (hiddenchest, mkxp-z, mkxpplus) don't work on Raspberry Pi. While you will eventually succeed compiling them they will not start games properly. Script errors will appear and mkxp-z will not properly detect WIN32API on Raspberry Pi

However, mkxp and forks are very alive and we can hope they will increase our RPGMaker games compatibility one day. Mkxp might definately become the future of RPGMaker games on exotic platforms like the Raspberry Pi.

Doesn't work: JRGSS

JRGSS will first not compile as is on Raspberry Pi. If you want to compile it, you have to remove the 'runtime' xml tag from Player-Desktop/pom.xml (line 96):

Get rid of this MAC-based line

When doing so the engine will compile smoothly thanks to maven but it will fail to build game bundles and won't launch games.

Game coverage

XP and VX game coverage is unfortunately random at the moment since most of games end in 'Script is hanging' or segmentation fault. Most compatible RTPs are RGSS104E.dll and RGSS202J.dll. If the game provides a launcher out of Game.exe, try it too. If the game doesn't use WIN32API, try Tapir.

However, VX Ace brings us a nice surprise: a lot of games work. You will have to be careful about unicode-named scripts which can give you a challenge because file will not be found. Games are otherwise quite straightforward to play although most of them will be slow.

MV and MZ will not reasonibly work on Apache server solution but after some exploring they actually give the best result when using nw.js. MV and MZ give a very good game coverage as the only issue you are likely to meet is the case sensitiveness of the resource files.

Resolution

When playing any RPG Maker game on a desktop environment, you can expect a tiny window inside your big 1920x1080 screen. You can trick that away with either xrandr (Fake-KMS) or tvservice (VGA).

xrandr -s 1024x768

On Raspberry Pi OS you will have to use xrandr after the game has started. Games tend to reset xrandr especially when ran with GL4ES

See this article to use tvservice.

Most of the RPG Maker runtimes can be implemented in RetroPie following the forementioned article. Implementing a chromium RPG Maker MV in RetroPie or Raspberry PI OS 32 Bits is a matter of choice.

To summarize, here is a quick overlook on what you can do to get most of your RPG Maker games running on Raspberry Pi:

Engine	Solution	Game Coverage
RPG Maker 2000	EasyRPG	90%
RPG Maker 2003	EasyRPG	60%
RPG Maker XP RPG Maker VX RPG Maker VX Ace No WIN32API	Tapir	80%
RPG Maker XP - WIN32API	Box86 + Wine 6.0.0 + RTP in game directory GL4ES Don't forget fonts!	50% - slow and unstable
RPG Maker VX - WIN32 API	XP in worse	10% - very unstable
RPG Maker VX Ace WIN32API	Box86 + Wine 5.0.2 + RTP	90% - slow but stable
RPG Maker MV RPG Maker MZ	nw.js	90% - decent

RetroPie

RPGMaker can be used via Wine, RTP or Tapir. All your runnables will be .sh scripts. This guide can be used to implement any RPGMaker runner in RetroPie. VX Ace games run well in RetroPie. XP and VX games will randomly succeed starting.

Conclusion

The game coverage is quite surprising: VX Ace which is commonly reported as the most difficult to run actually has a very good game coverage. On the contrary VX and XP rather pout to the Raspberry Pi.

EasyRPG is a safe and easy bet for older games (2000 and 2003).

You might consider trying Tapir if your target games don't use WIN32API.

If you don't mind the low FPS VX Ace is still great news (it stays playable), MV and MZ play with a decent performance thanks to nw.js. Be careful because Linux is case sensitive and Windows isn't. You might have to rename a few resources files (typically png images with capital letters) to debug the nw.js MV/MZ ported game.

The pi gamer

RTP is a system for reducing the total size of a game file made with RPG Maker. RTPs contain the graphics, music, and .dll files used when creating a game. Once a game is made with RTP data, you do not need to include material data like music or graphic files. This significantly reduces the file size of the game.

If RTP has been installed, material files needed for the game will already be on your hard drive. With RTP installed only a minimal amount of data is needed to download and play a game.

If RTP is not installed you will need to download material data for the game as well a game itself. This will make the game file much larger than it needs to be. You can't use the program without RTP

Start by selecting your program.

1. Save the file (RPGVXAce_RTP.zip) on your local hard drive.
2. Find the downloaded file, right-click it and select Extract All.
3. Click Extract.
4. Open RTP100 folder and run Setup.exe to install RPG Maker VX Ace Runtime Package.
5. Click Next.
6. The Runtime Package will be installed. Click Next.
7. Click Install. It starts copying the necessary files, please wait a while.

RPG MAKER VX ACE RUNTIME PACKAGE VER. 1.00 END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT

WHAT IS RPG MAKER VX ACE RUNTIME PACKAGE?

RPG MAKER VX Ace Runtime Package (RTP) is a collection of materials. It contains graphic, music (.ogg) and dll files which you can use when creating your own games with RPG MAKER VX Ace. So please ensure to install this RTP before you install RPG MAKER VX Ace. Using this RTP, you can reduce the total size of your game files created with VX Ace. If you want to play the games created with VX Ace, you need to install this RTP before you play the games.

RPG MAKER VX ACE RUNTIME PACKAGE - END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (MAR. 15TH, 2012)

THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (THE 'AGREEMENT') IS A LEGALLY BINDING CONTRACT BETWEEN YOU, THE END-USER (THE 'LICENSEE') AND ENTERBRAIN,INC. ('ENTERBRAIN' OR 'LICENSOR'). BY INSTALLING OR USING 'RPG MAKER VX ACE RUNTIME PACKAGE' (THE 'RTP SOFTWARE'), YOU, THE LICENSEE, ARE AGREEING TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT. READ THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE INSTALLING OR USING THE RTP SOFTWARE. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS, CONDITIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT, PROMPTLY DELETE THE RTP SOFTWARE FROM YOUR COMPUTER.

ENTERBRAIN grants to Licensee a non-exclusive, non-assignable, fee-free license to use the RTP SOFTWARE only for the purpose to play the game created and distributed by RPG MAKER VX Ace users who shall complete the registration procedure.
Licensee shall not reverse engineer, de-compile, or disassemble the RTP SOFTWARE. Further, Licensee shall not sell, distribute, assign, lease, sublicense, encumber, or otherwise transfer the RTP SOFTWARE and/or its data without any prior written consent of ENTERBRAIN.
This Agreement and the license granted hereunder automatically terminates if Licensee breaches any provision of this Agreement. Immediately upon termination of this Agreement, Licensee shall cease using the RTP SOFTWARE, shall delete the RTP SOFTWARE from its computers and shall either return to ENTERBRAIN or destroy the RTP SOFTWARE. If Licensee elects to destroy the RTP SOFTWARE, then Licensee shall certify in writing to ENTERBRAIN the destruction of the RTP SOFTWARE.
ENTERBRAIN does not warrant that the RTP SOFTWARE will meet Licensee's requirements, that the RTP SOFTWARE will operate in combinations other than as specified in the Documentation, that the operation of the RTP SOFTWARE will be uninterrupted or error-free or that RTP SOFTWARE errors will be corrected. ENTERBRAIN HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL REPRESENTATION AND WARRANTIES IN ANY MANNER, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL ENTERBRAIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, REVENUE, DATA OR USE, INCURRED BY LICENSEE OR ANY THIRD PARTY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION IN CONTRACT OR TORT, EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. ENTERBRAIN'S LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES AND EXPENSES HEREUNDER OR RELATING HERETO (WHETHER IN AN ACTION IN CONTRACT OR TORT) WILL IN NO EVENT EXCEED THE AMOUNT OF LICENSE FEES PAID TO ENTERBRAIN WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT.
This Agreement constitutes the complete agreement between the parties and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous agreements or representations, written or oral, concerning the subject matter of this Agreement.
This Agreement will be interpreted and enforced in accordance with the laws of Japan without regard to choice of law principles. Any and all dispute arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall solely be resolved by and at Tokyo District court, Tokyo, Japan.

Note for using VX Ace RTP with other RPG MAKER products.

The materials included in RPG MAKER VX Ace RTP can be used with other RPG MAKER products from Enterbrain as long as you own both RPG MAKER VX Ace and other RPG MAKER products. For example, if you already own RPG MAKER VX and you want to use any materials included in the VX Ace RTP with RPG MAKER VX, you need to purchase and own RPG MAKER VX Ace also.

Microsoft(R), Windows(R), Windows Vista(R), DirectX(R) are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

‍

1. Click on the link to download a compressed version of RPG MAKER VX RTP.
2. Once the file has downloaded, unzip it and a 'RPGVX_RTP' folder will be automatically created.
3. Open up the folder and double click on 'Setup.Exe'. Setup for 'RPG MAKER VX Runtime Package' will start automatically.
4. Once setup for 'RPG Maker VX RunTime Package' has started, follow the instructions that appear on the screen to advance. If no destination folder for 'RunTime Package' is specified, simply click the 'Next' button until the installation wizard completes its tasks.

ON-CLICK LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR RPG MAKER RUNTIME PACKAGE 08.02.29

IMPORTANT, READ CAREFULLY.

THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (THE 'AGREEMENT') IS A LEGALLY BINDING CONTRACT BETWEEN YOU, THE END-USER (THE 'LICENSEE') AND ENTERBRAIN,INC.

('ENTERBRAIN' OR 'LICENSOR') BY INSTALLING OR USING 'RPG MAKER XP RUNTIME PACKAGE' (THE 'RTP SOFTWARE'), YOU, THE LICENSEE, ARE AGREEING TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT.

READ THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT CAREFULLY BEFORE INSTALLING OR USING THE RTP SOFTWARE. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS, CONDITIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT, PROMPTLY DELETE THE RTP SOFTWARE FROM YOUR COMPUTER.

OWNERSHIP

ENTERBRAIN retains all title, copyright and other proprietary rights in, and ownership of, the RTP SOFTWARE. Licensee does not acquire any rights, express or implied, other than those expressly granted in this Agreement.

LICENSE

ENTERBRAIN grants to Licensee a non-exclusive, non-assignable, fee-free license to use the RTP SOFTWARE only for the purpose to play the GAME created and distributed by RPG MAKER VX users who shall complete the registration procedure.

RESTRICTION

Licensee shall not reverse engineer, de-compile, or disassemble the RTP SOFTWARE. Further, Licensee shall not sell, distribute, assign, lease, sublicense, encumber, or otherwise transfer the RTP SOFTWARE and/or its data without any prior written consent of ENTERBRAIN.

TERMINATION

This Agreement and the license granted hereunder automatically terminates if Licensee breaches any provision of this Agreement. Immediately upon termination of this Agreement, Licensee shall cease using the RTP SOFTWARE, shall delete the RTP SOFTWARE and Game from its computers and shall either return to ENTERBRAIN or destroy the RTP SOFTWARE. If Licensee elects to destroy the RTP SOFTWARE, then Licensee shall certify in writing to ENTERBRAIN the destruction of the RTP SOFTWARE.

LIMITED WARRANTIES AND DISCLAIMERS

ENTERBRAIN does not warrant that the RTP SOFTWARE will meet Licensee's requirements, that the RTP SOFTWARE will operate in combinations other than as specified in the Documentation, that the operation of the RTP SOFTWARE will be uninterrupted or error-free or that RTP SOFTWARE errors will be corrected. ENTERBRAIN HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL REPRESENTATION AND WARRANTIES IN ANY MANNER, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

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LIABILITY LIMITATION

IN NO EVENT SHALL ENTERBRAIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, REVENUE, DATA OR USE, INCURRED BY LICENSEE OR ANY THIRD PARTY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION IN CONTRACT OR TORT, EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. ENTERBRAIN'S LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES AND EXPENSES HEREUNDER OR RELATING HERETO (WHETHER IN AN ACTION IN CONTRACT OR TORT) WILL IN NO EVENT EXCEED THE AMOUNT OF LICENSE FEES PAID TO ENTERBRAIN WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT.

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ENTIRE AGREEMENT

This Agreement constitutes the complete agreement between the parties and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous agreements or representations, written or oral, concerning the subject matter of this Agreement.

GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

This Agreement will be interpreted and enforced in accordance with the laws of Japan without regard to choice of law principles. Any and all dispute arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall solely be resolved by and at Tokyo District court, Tokyo, Japan.

‍

1. Click on the link above to RPG Maker XP RTP.
2. Once the file has downloaded, double click on it.
3. Once setup for “RPG Maker XP Run Time Package” has started, follow the instructions that appear on the screen to advance. If no destination folder for “Run Time Package” is specified, simply click the “Next” button until the installation wizard completes its tasks.

ON-CLICK LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR RPG MAKER RUNTIME PACKAGE 05.10.8

IMPORTANT, READ CAREFULLY.

THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (THE “AGREEMENT”) IS A LEGALLY BINDING CONTRACT BETWEEN YOU, THE END-USER (THE “LICENSEE”) AND ENTERBIRAN,INC. (“ENTERBRAIN” OR “LICENSOR”) BY INSTALLING OR USING “RPG MAKER XP RUNTIME PACKAGE” (THE “RTP SOFTWARE”), YOU, THE LICENSEE, ARE AGREEING TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT.

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OWNERSHIP

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LICENSE

ENTERBRAIN grants to Licensee a non-exclusive, non-assignable, fee-free license to use the RTP SOFTWARE only for the purpose to play the GAME created and distributed by RPG MAKER XP users who shall complete the registration procedure.

RESTRICTION

TERMINATION

LIMITED WARRANTIES AND DISCLAIMERS

EENTERBRAIN does not warrant that the RTP SOFTWARE will meet Licensee’s requirements, that the RTP SOFTWARE will operate in combinations other than as specified in the Documentation, that the operation of the RTP SOFTWARE will be uninterrupted or error-free or that RTP SOFTWARE errors will be corrected. ENTERBRAIN HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL REPRESENTATION AND WARRANTIES IN ANY MANNER, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

LIABILITY LIMITATION

IN NO EVENT SHALL ENTERBRAIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, REVENUE, DATA OR USE, INCURRED BY LICENSEE OR ANY THIRD PARTY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION IN CONTRACT OR TORT, EVEN IF SUCH PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. ENTERBRAIN’S LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES AND EXPENSES HEREUNDER OR RELATING HERETO (WHETHER IN AN ACTION IN CONTRACT OR TORT) WILL IN NO EVENT EXCEED THE AMOUNT OF LICENSE FEES PAID TO ENTERBRAIN WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT.